Pre menstrual syndrome
Facts
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Facts
- The medical term for a range of symptoms that occurs before the start of the menstrual period and then disappears after the first few days of the period.
- Mood changes associated with PMS have been described as early as the time of the ancient Greeks. However, it was in 1931 that PMS was officially recognized by the medical community. The term "premenstrual syndrome" was coined in 1953.
- PMS is believed to be caused by fluctuations of the hormones estrogen and progesterone.
- The symptoms classified under PMS are menstrual cramp (when the uterus contracts), headache, acne, bloating, depression, insomnia, mood swings, diarrhea, backache, gingivitis, breast tenderness and lumpiness, fatigue, hot flashes, rashes and the list goes on. Every woman is affected differently.
- PMT is premenstrual tension where emotional symptoms like being irritable, teary or moody are experienced 7 to 10 days before a period and officially disappear when the period starts or sometimes for a few days into menstruation.
- For some women, asthma symptoms may worsen before their periods due to hormone fluctuations.
- Thyroid hormone levels which are either too high or too low can also cause menstrual problems.
- Other menstrual disorders include menorrhagia (heavy bleeding), amenorrhea (the absence of menstruation) and dysmenorrhea (severe menstrual cramps).
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"For years it was assumed that since PMS symptoms occur when progesterone levels are normally relatively high, it was progesterone that was causing the symptoms. Theoretically, symptoms could relate either to elevated progesterone levels or progesterone deficiency (estrogen dominance). Elevated levels of progesterone are unlikely since, during pregnancy, progesterone levels are ten to twenty times higher than normal mid-cycle levels and similar symptoms do not occur. Progesterone deficiency (estrogen dominance) is more likely since many of the symptoms correlate with estrogen-dominance symptoms, most notably water retention, breast swelling, headaches, mood swings, loss of libido, and poor sleep patterns. A woman's response to her own cyclical hormones is extremely individual, and this is part of the reason that it has been so difficult to pin down the causes of PMS." - John Lee, Jesse Hanley & Virginia Hopkins, What Your Doctor May Not Tell You About Premenopause (Warner Bks, 1999)
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